The "image side of a Dockerfile" isn't a Dockerfile, it's an image, more specifically an image in the OCI Image Format [0]. A Dockerfile is just the most common syntax for controlling software that can create an OCI image (such as Docker and Podman).
You could argue that the OCI Image Format is declarative, but that's not relevant to OP's comment about Dockerfiles.
It seems like their container builder, Smith, creates OCI [1] images, an open format that can be used from other tools such as runc or rkt.
You can use OCI Runtime bundles with rkt if you use the oci2aci[1] tool and rkt will be a full OCI runtime once the OCI Runtime and Image spec mature. We can use help to get these OCI projects[2][3] to v1.0 if you can spare cycles!
[1] https://github.com/huawei-openlab/oci2aci