> We have the Tribes Networking Model, The Unreal Networking Model, Valve Latency Compensation article.

Which are all derivatives of the Quake model.

Can you point out where the Quake model is described in sufficient detail that one can reimplement it for one's own game? Or is it open source?

Well Quake is open source, so that might be a good place to start: https://github.com/id-Software/Quake

I don't know if it's described sufficiently detailed anywhere besides the source though.