> . It’s benchmarking N different programs written in M languages (where M

And using K different standard libraries. Otherwise I can't explain that they put C on a different result as C++, considering they are often the same compiler (and not just the same backend). Probably, it is benchmarking stdio vs iostreams or the like, which is interesting.

They provided the source code of their programs and makefiles. There's no need for guessing games —

https://github.com/greensoftwarelab/Energy-Languages