Pinterest allows employees to hold onto their options for seven years after leaving (if they stay at the company for two years) to avoid this scenario. I think there are a few other companies that have done similar things.

http://fortune.com/2015/03/23/pinterest-employee-taxes/

Disclosure: I work for Pinterest

Here's a list of such companies with extended exercise windows:

https://github.com/holman/extended-exercise-windows

Disclaimer: I work at Flexport which has a ten-year window.