Pinterest allows employees to hold onto their options for seven years after leaving (if they stay at the company for two years) to avoid this scenario. I think there are a few other companies that have done similar things.
http://fortune.com/2015/03/23/pinterest-employee-taxes/
Disclosure: I work for Pinterest
Here's a list of such companies with extended exercise windows:
https://github.com/holman/extended-exercise-windows
Disclaimer: I work at Flexport which has a ten-year window.