Windows is definitely adware now.

Microsoft saw how much the average user would install, and thought "we can do that too"; of course, by being "official", their own adware is much harder to remove.

Windows can show the weather in the bottom left of the task bar, which is nice

I've never wanted that feature nor found it appealing. I can just look outside if I want to know the weather where I am, or visit a site otherwise.

I ran a debloating app on Win11 and I have never ever seen an app, even after countless installs. I am in Europe, so I wonder if there is also a different install here.

Which ones do you recommend?

Not OP, but here are a couple I like:

https://www.oo-software.com/en/shutup10 (Win10/11, well-maintained. Closed source but coming from trusted devs with commercial interest in shipping a quality freebie that publicizes their other software)

https://github.com/builtbybel/privatezilla and https://wpd.app/ (both not super maintained)