As other mentioned, Python has already some tools around strong typing.
However they aren’t as extensive as TypeScript is to JavaScript. The community is also not much into types so you don’t have collections like Definitely Typed.
But the need exists and I guess it’s a matter of time until a tool becomes as popular and complete as typescript.
https://github.com/python/typeshed is Python's equivalent of DefinitelyTyped. I'm not 100% sure why it's not more of a popular thing the way DefinitelyTyped is; I think there might, to some extent, be different attitudes around the appropriateness of having third-party typings for packages, when the actual maintainer of the package isn't interested in providing first-party ones.