For an MVP, I'd choose what I'm most familiar with and can be fastest with. That would mean:

1. Laravel

2. An Ubuntu VPS in either Digital Ocean or Linode

3. A managed database in one of those services, likely Postgres

That would get me to market the quickest. I have no issues with the application being in Laravel/PHP and after getting to market, I'd work on making the infrastructure scalable. I wouldn't expect overnight success, so a single VPS and managed database would let me keep costs low while I pick up a few customers and then work to handle the scalability in the background (likely AWS with a combination of EC2/ECS/Fargate, RDS, SQS, SES, CodeDeploy, ElastiCache, etc.)

That is absolutely the takeaway here. Use the technology you are familiar with and/or can be fastest with. MVPs are risky enough, don't add in "oh, gosh, I have to learn the tech (libraries, deployments, monitoring, database access, etc)" as well.

The only case where I'd pick a new tech for an MVP is when there is an existing open source or free project that I could use that would obviously get the project shipped faster by providing extensive pre-built functionality.

For example, I once used Sharetribe https://github.com/sharetribe/sharetribe even though I was only an intermediate ruby programmer because, after time spent evaluating it and other solutions, it had functionality that could get us shipped faster.

From "git init" to our first beta customer was 1 month of time. Then to our first paying customer was 1 more month. One developer (me). To be fair, my co-founder had done a ton of market development before I started coding, so the initial market/feature discovery was done; that's a huge part of any MVP.