Even since the start of python typing, it was recommended to use a more generic type like Iterable instead of List. The author claims that List is too specific -- this seems like a straw man argument against typing that doesn't acknowledge python's own advice.

Also, mypy has gotten really good in recent years and I can vouch that on projects that have typing I catch bugs much much sooner. Previously I would only catch bugs when unit testing, now they are much more commonly type errors.

The other thing typing does is allow for refactoring code. If anything, high code quality relates to the ability to refactor code confidently and typing helps this. Therefore I would put it at the top of the list above all the tooling presented (exception I agree with ci/cd)