I am always amazed at the algorithms re-implemented using SIMD. One of my favorites is the Striped Smith-Waterman approach used for sequence alignment. Does anyone have any good resources on learning to use SIMD? I've found it heard to make the "plunge".

Agner Fog's VCL library is extremely approachable. Just download it and get stuck in.

  Manual
  https://www.agner.org/optimize/vcl_manual.pdf

  GitHub
  https://github.com/vectorclass/version2
Even for trivial stuff like linebreaking input files, massive speedups are there for the taking.