From what I’ve understood of category theory that sounds like exactly what you are looking for. I would recommend listening to the latest 3b1b podcast where Grant interviews Tai-danae Bradley who studies category theory, really fascinating.

Another category theory resource you may find interesting is Category theory for programmers by Bartosz Milewski. He also has a great video course on youtube. If you want a taste of what category theory is, you can checkout his interview on corecursive.

https://github.com/hmemcpy/milewski-ctfp-pdf