Dokku + your favorite VPS: http://dokku.viewdocs.io/dokku/

Installation is a breeze and there are plugins. If you're at all familiar with Heroku's deploy, you'll love this. It's the closest thing I've found to `git push` without any thinking.

Dokku + Hetzner + CloudFlare here. It's just so simple. I love it.

I have noticed that deploys eat HDD for breakfast. Prune often. ("docker system df" helps show stats on space usage).

I have also read many optimisation guides talking about Alpine Linux images, but not sure whether that makes a difference.

Running a Go stack. Often wondering whether Caddy could be an alternative?

Sometimes I feel like this is still "too much". Like I still don't have enough control over the stack. Cloudflare introduces a lot of magic. I am not sure I fully grasp Dokku, but it works. Oh well!

Traefik is a reverse proxy for containers out of the box, apparently you would need some plugin to have that feature on Caddy : https://github.com/lucaslorentz/caddy-docker-proxy

As such, it seems like Traefik would be easier to setup for your use case.