Also to note, LLVM isn't the first compiler toolchain of its kind.
Notable mentions,
IBM's research project on PL.8 while developing their first RISC designs.
https://rsim.cs.uiuc.edu/arch/qual_papers/compilers/auslande...
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3288/fc042cd474f0ec93d67753...
https://rishiheerasing.net/modules/hca2102/paper/cocke.pdf
The Amsterdam Compiler Toolkit,
https://github.com/davidgiven/ack
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.12...
The more the merrier.
There is also https://github.com/eclipse/omr