Some more great probabilistic python libraries:
https://github.com/datamade/usaddress - "usaddress is a Python library for parsing unstructured address strings into address components, using advanced NLP methods."
https://github.com/datamade/probablepeople - "probablepeople is a python library for parsing unstructured romanized name or company strings into components, using advanced NLP methods."
https://github.com/chardet/chardet - Detects the most likely encoding of a raw byte string.