The closest thing I've found to this is Pico-8: not a computer, a piece of software, but it's very cool. It has a simple text editor for writing Lua code, a simple sprite editor, and a simple sound editor, all for creating games. It's a nice little sandbox for playing with code and creating things.
There are a bunch of these "fantasy consoles" now. From a quick search:
* Pico-8: https://www.lexaloffle.com/pico-8.php
* Liko-12: https://liko-12.github.io/
* Tic-80: https://tic.computer/
* Pixel Vision 8: https://www.pixelvision8.com/
I have no idea how they compare to each other.
A couple on the list run BASIC! E.g. [2].
I just learned there's this thing "Windows 10 IoT", [3] a Win10 version for low power devices like the raspberri pi.
Would be interesting to try to run B8 in there!
1: https://github.com/paladin-t/fantasy
2: https://store.steampowered.com/app/767240/BASIC8/
3: https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot/Downloads