Is it possible to poison future web API implementations by making a really popular library that would fall apart if any new Array/Object methods were added, or something like that?

Yes. Some folks who variously:

a) didn't know how to recognize a cheeky straw man proposal

b) didn't know how to take a joke

c) didn't agree with (or understand the importance of) the never-break-the-web imperative that TC39 operates under (turns out this is a lot of people)

tried to do exactly this to "prevent smoosh":

- https://github.com/staltz/prevent-smoosh

- https://twitter.com/andrestaltz/status/971500672620351494

Mostly, though, they just taught TC39 to have less fun and to ignore the "just break the web it's okay!" crowd.

Why TC39 operates under this never-break-the-web imperative: because if they didn't, every proposal they consider might devolve into an unresolvable discussion of "well is THIS thing important enough to break the web over? how much usage would this change break? how valuable do we think this is?". The easiest, and only, way to resolve all possible such discussions is to just not have them.