Another possibility, albeit much more dramatic, is only using modules, if your audience is 100% modern browsers.

At my previous job we imported our Google Analytics data into caniuse.com [1] and noticed that >99.9% of our app users were in modern browsers. Same for the public facing website. There was one single visit from someone using IE, but the application wouldn't load for him anyway.

Using those stats we were able to also remove a bunch of polyfills. The next step we were planning was either using a CDN for dependencies or something like Pika [2].

Unfortunately both Vue.js and React/Preact [3] require a compilation step for a good experience IMO. Otherwise I'd just skip the compilation step altogether and write JS like in the old times.

[1] https://caniuse.com/feed/116

[2] https://www.pika.dev/about/

[3] https://preactjs.com - a library made by the TFA author :)