This needs Windows 10/11 though?

Nope. There are instructions for Windows, Linux and Apple Silicon in the readme: https://github.com/AUTOMATIC1111/stable-diffusion-webui

There's also this fork of AUTOMATIC1111's fork, which also has a Colab notebook ready to run, and it's way, way faster than the KerasCV version: https://github.com/TheLastBen/fast-stable-diffusion

(It also has many, many more options and some nice, user-friendly GUIs. It's the best version for Google Colab!)